Medical Condition Other Diseases Of Upper Respiratory Tract

Source:

2009 icd-9-cm diagnosis 478 - other diseases of upper respiratory tract

Active Ingredients used for Other Diseases Of Upper Respiratory Tract:

Echinacea

Active Ingredient	Uses based on scientific evidence	Grade*
echinacea (echinacea angustifolia dc, echinacea pallida, echinacea purpurea)	preliminary studies suggest that echinacea is not helpful for preventing the common cold in adults. a recent meta-analysis suggested that standardized extracts of echinacea were effective in the prevention of symptoms of the common cold after clinical inoculation, compared with placebo. in children, a combination of echinacea, propolis, and vitamin c has been reported to reduce the number and duration of cold episodes. however, prevention research overall has not been well designed, and	c
echinacea (echinacea angustifolia dc, echinacea pallida, echinacea purpurea)	although multiple low quality studies have previously suggested that taking echinacea by mouth by adults when cold symptoms begin may reduce the length and severity of symptoms, a clinical trial reported in july 2005 did not demonstrate any clinical benefit. recent meta-analyses are conflicting; one suggested that standardized extracts of echinacea were effective in the prevention of symptoms of the common cold after clinical inoculation, compared with placebo, whereas the other reported no such	c
echinacea (echinacea angustifolia dc, echinacea pallida, echinacea purpurea)	initial research suggests that echinacea may not be helpful in children for alleviation of cold symptoms, possibly because parents are not able to recognize the onset of common cold symptoms soon enough to begin treatment, or because the dose of echinacea for use in children is not clear. there are fundamental differences in causes of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms in children versus adults (bacterial versus viral causes, different viruses, different sites of infection, etc). until	d

*Key to grades
A: Strong scientific evidence for this use;
B: Good scientific evidence for this use;
C: Unclear scientific evidence for this use;
D: Fair scientific evidence against this use;
F: Strong scientific evidence against this use.